Growth in the interaction - Yunnan NGO Social Work Education and Practice in the interaction ...

 Of: the Variable [1] Lu Tao [2] Jiang Min [3]
(Yunnan University of Finance and Law School, Kunming, Yunnan, 650221)
Summary: The social work profession and social work fields of the broad requirements respecting tradition and create a flexible fit the reality of social work education model professional social work practice, education and NGO interaction to better meet this requirement. because the NGO's work being included in social work, NGO's idea of a lot of time to reflect the concept of social work, and social work professionals is precisely the NGO professional education of social work practice and NGO interaction, summed up the successful experience, depicting the development prospects, trying to help social work education and NGO's to grow.
Keywords: Social Work Education NGO Interactive Growth < br> As a kind of social work for the purpose of helping others, using a variety of professional knowledge, skills and methods to solve the cause of social problems as well as professional expertise, in foreign countries have for hundreds of years, eighty years ago in the old China has a sprout, but several decades of rapid social change has certainly affected the development of social work, to date, China's domestic social work only in a possible. In fact, in the field of social work, carried out by the government as the main civil, social security and other matters as well as the main body to carry out their official community philanthropy has long been deeply rooted social, showing the social work have been included in the system of systems of modern society, into line with the Government's welfare policy to ensure social stability an indispensable system. institutionalization of social work tend to ask the Government to the implementation of social work is essential to the main body, but the social development will cause the government continue to increase range of social management wide management functions of the growing trend of thinning, lack of public funds, public officials limit the number of professional fields and specific social work hard to protect the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of social work and thus the main need for diversity while adhering to government-led, fully to mobilize all social forces, the government shifted from mainly relying mainly rely on the community. But when the society who can do this task? is a caring, socially responsible individuals? or pay attention to social enterprises? proved that limited the power of individuals , business goals are different, the effective development of social work have to rely on specific organizations, such organizations can only be adhering to love, to promote the social civilization and responsibility, not for profit purposes. In addition to the government, the community already exists Many of these main social work. In fact, the generation of formal social work is just such a subject (such as the UK charity the club) was a basis for the formation of professional social work also depends on such a subject (such as the American School of Social Work Association) to promote the [i], the main body of social work are NGO. By comparison, the various types of NGO, although the specific goals are different, different styles, but it not work in the field of social work in it? expansion of the field of social work, social the development of working methods and promote the emergence and growth of various types of NGO. Therefore, in the modern sense of the social work from the beginning and forged a bond with the NGO.
a social work professional education, new ideas and Rethinking
NGO community should be committed to carrying forward the love and social responsibility, improve the level of social justice, for the well-being of all members of society to reflect the reality of the value of promoting social harmony. It requires specialized knowledge, skills and methods their professionalism through the mobilization of human potential, to promote the rational allocation of social resources to achieve. the needs of social work exists in all aspects of life in modern society, including governmental and non-government departments, non-profit organizations in areas of work, but also present in all public services in the community aspects of segments.
social work profession and social work fields of the breadth of the proposed Social Work Education in high demand. the one hand, should focus on the basic cultural qualities of the students, professional values and basic skills training, on the other hand, should be set to change at any time for professional development of social theory and professional skills development of innovative mechanisms, to ensure professionalism and professional education to play a social function. Therefore, the establishment of both a respect for the traditional and flexible fit the reality model of social work education is very necessary. Unfortunately, in today's China, social work education has just started the tradition of social work and value of most transplanted from abroad, culture, values, etc. differences make this attempt now faces an uncertain future. The lack of traditional Chinese social work and social work professional education, another problem is a serious shortage of social identity, so a long time, the domestic social work education on the one hand to explore the path of the Construction and Development On the other hand also strive to promote the social identity, this dual mandate has allowed the heavy burden of social work education, it is difficult to achieve a breakthrough.
the face of difficulties, when the social work educators to look into the NGO, they see hope: NGO's work being included in social work; NGO often reflect the idea of the concept of social work; and professional social work is precisely the NGO No NGO work to develop the Chinese New Approaches to Social Work? this problem caused a lot of ideas to develop a social work education in the. Of course, due to the presence of many errors, although the professional education unit and NGO workers in the same blue sky , interactive practice, carried out also need to start better understanding of each other.
as includes governmental organizations with the first sector, second sector, separate organizations, the NGO classified as The goal of the public welfare and non-profit, non-profit organization called. Accordingly know, NGO and the the more and more content, and now we are talking about NGO, the more often it is driven by social responsibility as a public welfare in the non-profit organization. see such organizations to solve social problems, promoting social development and progress, to add government and business to take care of the interests of society to promote and influence government policy objectives and not for profit nature of the pursuit of goals. This is not the concept of social work is an excellent expression you?
many places in the country, various NGO has become an important social force. We can truly feel the presence of various NGO demonstrated the value and social function. their community services, poverty relief, employment of vulnerable groups, disability rehabilitation, child protection, ecological improvement, environmental protection, Ethnic Studies other issues involving the economy, culture, education, health and human rights work in multiple areas. With the development of social economy and increase foreign exchange in recent years, NGO in the country got more and more space for activities, ideas and even affect their government policy making. Battle of the relocation from the Beijing Zoo, to the Nu River dam dispute, NGO began to serve as a public interest advocate and spokesman for the new role, they not only are becoming a force, but also set up a mechanism [ii ]. based on the increasingly rich resources of the community, uphold the concept of service to the community, with a unique mode of operation, concern about the Government and the market harmonious society forward, Social services and social management and monitoring functions, the Government decided to change the past, everything, taking all the practice, while the social sectors to promote the rational development of more coordinated, more effective social resources rational use. It is precisely because such a policy has been based and development background, coupled with the demand for vacancies in public services, social work professionals and NGO have a broad space for development. [iii]
in Yunnan, a border multi-ethnic, economically underdeveloped provinces, many efforts to eliminate poverty, social relief and welfare, environmental protection, women, children, education, protection, community development and other areas of the NGO, in particular international NGO, is working to carry out social work, many of them already have for many years in Yunnan, and even more than ten years of development experience. all kinds of international and Hong Kong and Macau NGO annual total investment in Yunnan, thousands of yuan. [iv] in such a place, social work education and NGO cooperation and interaction of growth for both sides is more practical significance. This paper will Kunming, Save the Children UK Juvenile Justice pilot project with their social partners, universities, for example, professional education of social work practice, way of interaction with the NGO, and make prospects.
Second, education and social work NGO interactive practice
(a) of social work practice innovation
professional education is a major problem is practice. On the one hand, government agencies and the extension body swept most of the traditional social work, government alternative society Home subrogation by the people, the practice of professional social workers, space is limited; the other hand, the formation of social transformation and the Party and government departments of social power of the new edge of the blank of follow-up, intervention is very difficult, high cost of channel construction practice. In addition, the practice of nearly all existing channels or channels forming the work of the system and the special logic of doing things, with the current educational philosophy and content of social work profession greater contrast, in addition to the existing absorptive capacity of the practice of channels are limited, so, practice and teaching programs rarely fit, practice resulted in the passive situation of greatly reduced the effect of students practice.
in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Yunnan University of Finance, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming Teachers College and other institutions of social work practice are also facing challenges, without exception, but the schools based on the NGO resource rich province, have tried and NGO cooperation and gradually worked out a new way of social work practice. For example, Yunnan University and the Ford Foundation's Foreign experts, pointing, and Save the Children under the coordination of funding and involvement in the young offenders, as the backbone of volunteers who train other youth volunteers, participation in community centers for children's services and management of soft environment hh. to the present experience, social work education and NGO cooperation is not only feasible, but also rich effective. Yunnan Agricultural University, also with Save the Children UK's juvenile justice project cooperation, the social work profession teachers lead students to engage in a certain district of Kunming in the primary security issues surrounding misconduct and research to understand this aspects of social problems and improve the awareness and ability of teachers and students, but also makes the social survey theory and practice of teaching to combine the activities of students in innovative social work in-depth exposure to the real stage.
1, in Interactive Exploration of open practice, practice mode.
NGO's social work with projects carried out, due to NGO's working principles and working methods of the more open and participatory, in cooperation, the views of teachers and students received adequate attention. Very often, set a goal, the project implementation plan is to all parties to discuss the design of the results, and in practice, constantly adjusted and updated, so you can coordinate and practice teaching program, students thought and to express and implement innovative research, education, social work profession to understand social problems, research questions, to develop solutions to help the working logic of problem solving, as well as the concept of social workers in practice vividly. Furthermore, many international NGO are the adoption and levels of government, academic institutions, practice sector cooperation to achieve the project objectives, NGO participation in university education in social work profession social work program allows teachers and students have more opportunities to understand the relevant social sectors, to achieve the multi-sectoral cooperation project objectives achieved during the teachers and students of social work social worker objects, social work platform, and to foster their ability to enhance social work. participation in NGO social work practice implementation of the project is actually a learning process.
2 , interactive practice in shaping a pragmatic and efficient social work philosophy.
NGO's project is set within the time and money, through the design and implementation of project activities, a rigorous project management and monitoring to achieve project objectives. Compared to other departments and organizations, NGO and better reflects the investment of time and money management, and the pursuit of effectiveness. These goals are to promote social work, and it is social workers should have the professionalism. Therefore, NGO pragmatic style effects, led to the partners in the cooperation process, the students gradually became aware of: social work, or even volunteering but also efficient. for the sake of efficiency and effectiveness, to develop an action plan to conduct regular assessment and working methods of work content adjusted to better achieve its objectives. In addition, social work, volunteer to help the client to understand and address specific social issues, while also understanding the NGO promoting government and touches society to solve social problems, working mode, they understand Only in this way can form the basis for a broader, more powerful force. careful planning of the pursuit of social work, carefully implemented, relying on society, seek practical results, the spirit of social services in conduction from the NGO community to the work of teachers and students involved in the project, conducted to the majority of volunteers, has become an important work of philosophy.
3, the process of practice in the interaction and integration of multiple resource mobilization.
NGO funds and government expenditure on different routine, NGO (especially international NGO), based on The logic operation of the project management and implementation procedures, usually in areas of social issues related to determine the most attention and the best position to intervene in the area; and then carry out pre-project baseline survey; in-depth understanding of the problem set on the basis of the specific project objectives, duration and funding requirements; to obtain funds to carry out specific project activities will be regularly monitoring and evaluation; project final project will have the overall evaluation, analysis of the project is in the set time and money to reach the target, whether need further development. the international NGO is limited capital investment, and domestic public welfare or their own non-profit organization yet to be developed, charitable donations has also been slow, so apart from a small NGO to provide services directly, many is the use of limited The project funds to establish a development model for emulation, such as the British Save the Children project. by demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of this model to promote the government and enterprises, social co-investment, and ultimately contribute to the social problems. From This point of view, perhaps the NGO projects and investment is limited, but their work is the same idea, can learn from the impact of its work through policy, mobilize resources, participation, self-help principles.
4, in the Interactive practice, work more effectively promote social development.
social work and the demands of the largest NGO is to promote social progress. As in China, the impact of the most direct way of social progress, development and implementation of policy, very often, NGO First To promote the party and government departments. Social Work in fact have the same aspirations, social work education and NGO cooperation in two areas of theory and practice of Party and government departments to jointly promote the concept of renewal and transformation functions, can play a multiplier effect. In addition, professional social work education, it is important to really understand how the different departments and organizations for the same goal, and examples of effective collaboration to achieve, and the model based on innovative thinking produced. in the NGO's work patterns are important one is that the relevant departments jointly to integrate mobilize more resources to serve the project objectives. Social Work Education in the practice of thinking coincides with the NGO, to promote each other with more departments and organizations rely on the collaboration in innovation. of course in the provision of social work practice opportunities, the NGO also continued to attract professional social work student employment, creation of social work in Yunnan University, every year a certain number of social work graduates to various types of NGO work, can be expected, with the increasing social needs and social work development, the future will continue to increase this number, social work graduates is becoming, including various types of NGO social work organizations, including the importance of reserve forces personnel.
(b) Education by the development of
professional education of social work education were a major embarrassment. Since social work is suspended again after decades of restoration of the wide variety of professional backgrounds, professional quality uneven, insufficient to support the rapid development of social work education. On the other hand, NGO workers have a lot of new ideas and social work education, training, experience, social work educators to support the sustainable development of key resources, but not be fully realized. Yunnan social interaction of vocational education and practical experience NGO social workers educators help solve the problem.
1, training of trainers (TOT)
training of trainers (TOT, Training of Trainer) of purpose is to organize training skills through training courses, so that trained people in the future to support related training activities. this by the British Save the Children, teachers and students in the process of cooperation with the social work profession in the first approach was originally used only by students seeking to form The implementation of a network of social work. But the reality is: not only teachers and students involved in developing the TOT vision, more importantly, to make their expertise more effectively use, and will in practice be able to continue to find their own lack of targeted learning to improve, and then to guide practice, forming a virtuous circle. Of course, by TOT, many students come to the fore, on the one hand to support NGO activities in developing social work practice, on the other hand you can with professional teachers in practice teaching. teachers and students TOT due to exposure to different methods and even new ideas, and integration through its own needs, to improve their services to NGO projects, serve the community.
2, teachers extended
many NGO (especially the international NGO) emphasis on education and training of personnel involved in the work of its staff to receive formal professional training, and has a wealth of qualifications, training methods that use a lot of creativity to show a lot of advanced ideas and concepts. In the process of cooperation, NGO. will use its own technical resources for training, will also invite relevant experts and scholars outside the talks or exchanges, whether large or small scale conference participatory training, embodies the concept of learner-centered, than the natural effect of training usually Guonei indoctrination training much better, in an interactive training course is to train teachers to improve the ability of students to go. and NGO training resources are also used by schools, social workers in various fields related to non-school teachers was invited to a forum for students , forms, content-rich lectures and elective courses are also a lot of social work students become popular class, and some adjustment of the social work school students a special curriculum. NGO education and training concepts and methods of training staff to make up for the lack of school education well worth the school reference. their technical and management staff also expanded social work education teachers, such cooperation and the impact of professional education is undoubtedly a social innovation.
3, exchange and research < br> In the course of project implementation, NGO will organize various training and exchange activities from time to time, content, design and implementation around all aspects of the project involves professional knowledge, skills, methods, etc., professional teachers, social workers, government officials and NGO staff, etc. to each other familiar to deepen the understanding of cooperation. A typical example is: in the NGO coordination and funding, professional teachers, social workers and government departments were able to go out a study tour to discuss the same areas of knowledge under different perspectives and solutions, both school teachers increased mutual understanding with other departments, but also the common goal of access to the system of knowledge, but also easy to carry out multi-sectoral cooperation. NGO also working with colleges and universities to share resources and information, theory and practice they employ experts in the industry to serve teachers lecture, providing networking opportunities, asked the teacher to participate in the activities of the project, so that teachers have in the theory and practice to improve and strengthen the effectiveness of teachers continue to achieve in cooperation.
In addition, many NGO is willing to The researchers were funded to support specific research, and often value the ability to stick to one pattern. In the framework of NGO projects, the partners of the teachers are actually encouraged, some with more experience and willing to think about the students become cooperative NGO-funded project the object, Deyi own social work experience, ideas and methods and techniques, gather written. Obviously, NGO for the social work teachers and students in the intensive study skills within the soil, and research results will help to some extent enhance the value of the NGO.
(c) information on curriculum reform and the social work profession of social work building
a major obstacle to the professional education curriculum building. due to lack of precedent, and does not correspond to the occupational group as the practical support, difficult to establish social work courses. Now more common are: the introduction of foreign professional courses suited to the domestic social situation; new courses practicality, feasibility is not enough; certain courses, course also remain in the logic.
1, curriculum reform
commissioned by the Ministry of Education, China Association of Social Work Education (also belongs to NGO) to standardized teaching materials for the focus and discipline to develop the basic requirements
Yunnan University of Finance and Law School and the Save the Children co-Yunnan Project Office, the first in the elective curriculum reform of the cooperative projects in the school set up a but also for other professionals interested in the social work students, so that the impact of the project not only expanded but also increased the social work professional identity and confidence of students. Save the Children in Yunnan project office or even programs specifically for schools to set up practice develop its own plan of action, such as booking well-known experts, senior officials involved in teaching or lecture, contact the community to provide a base for the practice of teaching and so on. Such cooperation in the Save the Children UK and Yunnan Agricultural University Justice Project also made between the gratifying results , the success of teachers and students research, the students actively involved in all that such cooperation is welcomed by the school. commendable is: as agents of social work curriculum reform, supporters of the Save the Children UK to fully respect the views of the school , with the school's arrangements to take concrete action to help further the implementation of the school curriculum construction, while adhering to the established on the basis of Main Course, the creation of a practical program of targeted social problems, adjust the part of the professional courses, students focus on the social perception and practical ability, the school curriculum the goal of building is not difficult to achieve.
2, the information construction
historical and social development, and many other reasons, China Social Work Education in the early recovery have to learn (or even copying) the experience of foreign countries and Hong Kong, Macao, but the localization The pace has never stopped, we rely on to lay the foundation for the later ones? one by experience, and on the data construction. In this regard, NGO can play a role can not be ignored.
NGO (in particular international context NGO) working for a major feature of emphasis on communication, attention to assessment of the sum. In the process of cooperation, social work educators and NGO staff exchanges often sparks burst of inspiration, the formation of valuable experience. In addition, some foreign consultants employed in NGO These foreign consultants willing to arrange the project, and social work professionals and students to exchange of experience, some new concepts, methods to spread, the social work profession education benefit. such as the Juvenile Justice Project of the international consultant to the Yunnan University of Finance and the students about the practice of juvenile justice, the United Kingdom. valuable is that, NGO projects in the review and sum up their own development, while encouraging the project participants in a timely manner the activities involved in records and improve the judicial Panlong project will encourage and promote the participation of college students and teachers and other personnel records of their work, often through regular assessment of the sum of the number of physical experience, they also used the regular issuance of the teachers and students can participate in project monitoring and evaluation at the same time, explore new ideas, communicate new methods to form a valuable first-hand information.
most social work is specific, it can be said, is one of fresh live map out the social work cases light. NGO also pay attention to the case, for the case of the collection, NGO may have more than social work students and teachers more power, because the NGO is to make the case through the renowned renaissance men. As different angle , NGO undoubtedly occasional case together information on the construction of social work education icing on the cake.
Third, social work education and NGO interaction studies have
Prospect said: and the concept of governance change, globalization and the need to solve social problems several factors such as complement and promote each other creating a local NGO Organizational Development in China an irresistible trend. [v] of these factors for the local social work also opened up a broad professional education space for development. Of course, frankly, the local Social Work Education in China and the NGO are still in early childhood, growth is still a long way. Although Save the Children UK work in Yunnan Province, professional social work practice in educational institutions attempt to NGO interaction and social work education in their growing up has taken a welcome step, but in the interactive process of practice, some issues have been revealed. In case of , another example of step with the action, differences in concepts and methods and so on, all with interactive practice tests over and over again the confidence of the participants. Now, the local Social Work Education and the NGO has experienced explosive growth in a period, both entered a stable growth stage. At this point, should the spirit of seeking truth from facts, mutual respect, common thinking rational approach to interactive future.
(a) shall continue to extend in the direction
As mentioned earlier, education and social work NGO share a common belief that to promote the social civilization and progress. In practice, the process of belief, social work education and the NGO will face some of the same issues, such as social identity, personnel status, they are exploring their own solutions , but because of the insufficient level of domestic social development and their own capacity constraints, these issues will continue to plague them in a certain period. social work education and practice of NGO interaction is undoubtedly opens a door to help solve the problem , follow this pattern and continue to play their respective advantages, mobilize their social networks and concerted efforts to expand its influence, will help solve these basic problems as soon as possible, clear the way for further development.
1, promote social identity.
seeking a catalyst for social identity one of the best performance, the second is the degree of public concern. In performance, the current social work practice, education and NGO interaction can be said to be level lasting, deep concern. professional education units and NGO social workers should continue to review and enhance the interactive experience, systematic thinking and specific arrangements for the process of social work and advocacy activities to promote social identity.
2, together with social workers to improve the social status of NGO social workers and NGO
social status or even raise the establishment of social work education and the significance of NGO self-evident, it depends on the professionalism of social work, social work career with the national qualification The introduction of the system, social work education and the NGO will be more realistic value of interaction, their development and training of professional social workers are the main professional social work, therefore, more in-depth interaction effectively by improving the professional social workers quality of performance by strengthening the social work, will further enhance the social workers and NGO's social status.
(b) to the direction of innovation and breakthrough
NGO Social Work Education and reality should be based on an interactive approach demands complementary advantages. demands close, of course not a problem, but it might not be able to effectively complement each other to achieve. Practice has proved that: the advantages of social work education is not only professional knowledge and professional talents shape, but also in the fundamental position of education; NGO advantage not only capital, ideas and methods, there are also rich in a wide range of social network resources. interactive practice innovation and breakthrough will play the partner from the start with their own advantages.
1, to strengthen social work professional education units in communication with the government
role of social work education and NGO sector needs to seek government support, but in communication, social workers and NGO professional education units from a different angle. as part of national education professional social work education is established by the state, in line with national development planning, social benefits if the show was, it can confidently This will fully explore the professional social work education as a ...